Automatic Detection of Discourse Structure by Checking Surface Information in Sentences

Ill this [)~/I)(?l" , WL' [)1'()])(1:-;4! ~lll ~lt l{ ,() l l l~l l i (! i i lO l ] l ( ) ( [ for det.octing disc.oiirse, s l r t l c l , l i r e IlSillgj ;i var iely of chics exisLhig in I.]ie surf;ice info lunal ion of ~>euten('es. ~,Jl/(? [lilVC cousi(ler(!(] l,[il'(!e Dyl)eb o1' (:hie illFOl'lllfll, iou: (;lil(? (~Xl)l'eS;y;ioIIS, occl i l ' r (~ l i ( : ( ) ()[' i(l(~lll, i ( ; ; i ] / s y l i O l l y l l i O i l S words/phra,~e,~, aii(] shuihwii.y I ) e l W ( ' ( ! u l~v(.)<~(uli(! i l(: /"~, l ' ]x lmr i l l ien ln l resull.q ]l;/ve ~,li()wu l l l ; l l , ill Ill<, (';iq(' c>[' scieui, ific and I.echliiC;/] lexL<,, ('on~i(Ior;ihl~' i larl ()[ Ill<, discol lrse S4(l'il(~l.lli'O Cilli I)() es l i l l la led I) 3 iu( 'or l )or ; t l iug > t.he i.hree I.yl)eS o[ clue i l l [ 'or i l ia l io l l , ~ i i l i ou i i)(,r['orui ing senleiicl~ i in(](u'slan(l ing I)i'(~ce~;se~ which re(liJirc's givi,g k n o w l e d g e I.o COl l i l ) t l l ( ! r~ i , 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n '1'o / l l l ( ]o . rs lJ i l l d i i ( ,ext o r dialogue, o u e I I I i l s l II'~/(:k. t i l e d i s ( ' . ( ) u r s e <'.4(;i'lilll;lll'(~ ( [ ) g ) , Sl)i!(:il')'iue , (h'lail<,d knowledge wil.h [)roatl coverage ava ih ih i l i l y Io coi l i ] ) i l l ers is unl ike ly I.o I)e. cousl, ru('.led [or l l le i)l'(!S(lll. Oil I l le ol.her hand, rec(,l i l ral)i(I ilicrt?;l:~e ill Ihe ;ll l lo~lnl o [ oul i l le l.exl.s has force(I ii~; Io ail;l177,e I1()1, (.)lily i<~oli/led S()II[,fHI(I()S ] ) i l l a l so ( l i s c o i i r s e s ll<4illl ,) ])1"1),4(7111 avai lable I~l~owle(Ige. \Ve i)i'ol~os(~ lu~l'e ~lli au lo lna t i c ulc~lh(~d 17)r (.<4{ilil;lli l lg [)P-; in s(: iei i l i f ic and te(' l i l i i ( 'nl I<'xls I) 3 , a v;u'iely o[ keys exisLin/+; iu lhe surface hif 'orl i l ; l l iOll o]' senleli('eq. ()li(! i inl)orl,ailt, key for I)S is cJue words (e.g., (Jo ]Jell 198,'1; (ir()sz and Si(li?er 1,9S($; l tei( 'hin; in 19<'45). I" i l r l . i ier inore, we have considere(I lwo ii1o1'(! il l l l)Oi'Lanl clues. ( ) l i e iS I.Im ()CCtll'r(~il(:(! o [ ic lel l l . ical l~Yn(mynlous wor(Is/phra. d ( i l i l i l l a l l L chnln i i lorLanl, con. s t i tueuis , like sq..3 and s,]-6 in Api~ei.lix. (JOIIILI'~I,NI; : S i aim Sj involw? c<.~ut, rastil~g events or !-;t~lt(!s, o r (:Ollll'~l~d.illg illll)ol'i.~tlll. (:oll.c,(,i[,llOlll,s. T,.:,pic c l i a i n i n g : Si and Sj haw~ dist, incL pre(lica I, ious ahouL Lhe sanle t, opic, like s I-13 am] s l i9 . Tol)iC-,.l,.mfimm.t: c h a h i h l g : A dolninanl> constii,ueuL al:,m'l f rom a giw~n tol)ic iN Si i)ecolnes a t, ol)ic in Sj, like s,] d ;m(] s,'t-5, I']hll)(:,raLion : Sj gives (let,ails ah, olfl; ;~ constiLueut intr,:)duced in S±, like s]-16 aud s1.17. lb:!a.s,.ni : Sj is Lhe reason for S:i., l i k e s l [ 3 and sl-.ld. C a n s e : .<-;j <:)c('urs as a result of Si , lil,:e sl..17 and sl 18, I A [ [)l'l!~,l!lit~ W(! reT, ard ;t NL'JI((!II((] IllD.l'J';f!d o f f ]Jy ~l i)(!l'iOd ,:is it disc~>tu'<.e uu i l , (Jt+lll!l'ellCl! rel ;dloi ls ;ire ex ls th ig also bel, ween cl;lll~;ey, iu tt sf ill#lllC(!, \~Ie I l ih lk lilll" al) ln'om:h ex ; i l i /h i i l lg stlrf~l.ce clue ] l l [)n'ulal i<ul fJt.ii IJ(! adapted Io exlra,.;[ Ihc i r I 'elations, ;t i id W() i l l l ( ! l l r l Io (?Nil!lid OIIl' $ysl(?l/I ill hlt l ld le ih(! l l l ,